Switch versus Hub

Switch versus Hub

At present, a lot of people usually do not understand between a hub and a switch. They are the network hardware and have a nearly same look but their functions are not the same. In this article, I will compare and contrast their working and their functions. So, I like to use the switch more than the hub because it has many reasons that the switch has an advantage over the hub.

The first is the hub. It is a type of the network hardware used for connecting between a computer and the other computers. So, it is a central transfer data in a computer network. The hubs are not expensive and are not intelligent so that hub’s job is simple and it cannot manage network system very well.

The other is the switch. It is a type of the network hardware that is used for connecting between the computer and the other computers just like the hub but it has more functions to manage the network systems so it has the high cost. The example functions of switches, they can set up a VLAN to divide the group of network systems and set a bandwidth rate for each port to transfer data. Moreover, the switch can connect with other switches and routers for extending your network system. So that network system is called internetwork system.

While they are the network hardware but they have some similarities and some differences. For their similarities, they are the central transfer data in the computer network systems and they usually have many ports from four ports to twenty-four ports to connect with the computer by using RJ 45 lines by one port per one computer. For their differences, the hub’s working; they are very simply that is all data that comes in one port is sent out to the other ports. For instance, if we have 4 ports for hub, the data comes from the first port and it would send to second port for terminal but the computer on third and fourth port can see that data and can access it as same as computer in second port. This is a weakness for hubs. The working of switches, they do not essentially what the hubs do but they have more efficiently than the hubs. They are paying attention to a traffic that data comes from them. The switches can learn where particular addresses. For example, if the switch sees the data from computer on the first port, it knows that computer is connected to first port by using MAC address and only the traffic to that computer needs to send to the first port and do not any of the other ports. A result of using the switch over the hub is the most network traffic systems which only go where they need to rather than to every ports that as same as the hub. So, the switch can make the network significantly faster.

In conclusion, there are many reasons that the switches are better than the hubs. Even though, the switches are more expensive than the hubs but they have better efficiency. So, it is worth to use because they are very good for manage your network systems.

Digital camera level

Digital camera level

Before I had digital camera, I did not know that it could affect the quality of a picture. But now I have three digital cameras and they are very different from each other, so different that not only is it sometimes hard to believe the picture come from another camera, it’s sometimes hard to believe the picture comes from the same camera! I have come up with three categories to describe the level of Digital camera, the beginner camera (Compact digital camera), the average camera (DSLR-Like digital camera) and the expert camera (DSLR camera), at least as they pertain to your camera.

The first type is the beginner camera that is a very usual camera for the user because the company had built-in many easy functions, multi-languages, light weight and very tiny. For example, the Canon IXUS 980 that is the compact camera type, it can take a big picture as a 14.7 Megapixels the highest image quality. Also, it has built-in 3.7x optical zoom with optical image stabilizer for blur-free shooting so you can take a picture too close. Moreover, it has an optical viewfinder plus large high-quality 2.5-inch PureColor LCD II for brightest, accurate color with wide viewing angle an anti-glare, anti-scratch coating, which means you can see your photo looking very nice. And the new DIGIC IV image processor is faster, has more accurate noise reduction so delivers better image quality, even at high ISO speeds.

The second type is the average camera that is a higher performance camera for the users because the company had built-in expert functions and easy functions together, more features, average weight, more accessories and average size. For instance, the Panasonic Lumix FZ-18 that is the DSLR-like camera type, it allows users close to target 18x optical zoom race. It can capture 8.1 Megapixels resolution and display them in HD. Also, the long zoom Leica lens can do 28mm shots and has optical image stabilization (blur reduction). Moreover, another feature that it rolled out is the Intelligent Auto mode, which bundles up automatic scene selection, face detection, intelligent ISO control, and continuous auto focus.

The last type is the expert camera that is the highest performance camera for the users because it has already built-in expert function, highest speed shutter, lowest noise, heavy weight, changeable lens, more accessories and very big. For example, the Nikon D700 that is the DSLR camera type allows user to change a lens, that means you can get more picture style at the same location such as fish-eyes lens, tele-lens ( Highly Optical zoom ), wide lens ( for landscape picture) and others. Also, the D700 features Nikon’s 12.1 Megapixel full-frame CMOS sensor and latest-generation EXPEED image processor so you can take the highest quality picture and the lowest noise. Indeed, the D700 will accept the optional MD-D10 muti-power battery pack so it improves D700 can take picture faster from 5 to 8 fps (Frame per second). Moreover, the D700 will accept many accessories such as GPS navigator (for locate taken position of picture), external flash, wireless transmit, wireless remote and other.

As we know digital camera level, I think we can classify the digital camera and choose one type of them to our camera. I already have three types of them so I really like the expert camera because it allows me to take nice pictures but sometimes I only use the beginner camera because it is easy to carry and take pictures.

Newly PDA Phone

Newly PDA Phone

In recent years, many telephone companies have released PDA Phone (Personal Digital Assistance Phone) for supporting the most newest technology such as 3G or WCDMA (High speed data rate), camera, GPS navigator with real-time traffic report, watching TV and Video, listening to music, watching a video clip on Youtube.com, downloading to your device and others. So, I will let you know the Apple iPhone 3G, HTC Touch 3G and Samsung Omnia.

The first example is the Apple iPhone 3G that is a PDA phone compatible for 3G system which means you can send a file or email or surf the internet faster, the body is thinner, the touch screen is really big, the video and music player are easy to control by your fingers as iPod touch. Moreover, it has Accelerometer system to detect its movement and you can dial from contact book or record call list so it also has mute system and speaker phone. In SMS function, it allows you to type a sentence through QWERTY on screen keyboard as computer keyboard. Surfing internet through Safari mobile web browser which can append real web page to you as your laptop so you can zoom in and out the web page by your fingers. Moreover, it is your best friend when you have a trip because it also has GPS navigator with map, street view, real-time traffic report and real-time forecast.

The next example is HTC Touch 3G it is a PDA Phone so it can use 3G, WCDMA and HSDPA system for the fastest sent and receive data it will let you feel comfortable by Touch screen 2.8 inch with TouchFLO 3D technology and you can surf the internet through Wi-Fi, 3G, EDGE, GPRS network. When you walk on the road, it is your best friend with GPS navigator system for telling your best direction to your destination and 3.2 Megapixels built-in camera, it uses Window Mobile version 6.1 for its Operating System and Intel Processor Qualcomm MSM7225 528 MHz which means you will have the fastest experience in streaming video, music player, YouTube player. Moreover, you can talk up to 360 minutes on WCDMA network, 400 minutes for GSM network, standby time for 365 hours on GSM network and 450 hours on WCDMA network in one-time charge.

The final example is Samsung Omnia, which is a PDA Phone from Samsung Company so you can use in 3G, HSDPA and WCDMA network. In detail, it allows you to choose 3 colors (Red, White and Black) and it has a TV antenna to receive, a TV radio in Digital term which is called One-seg TV so you’ll have a good experience TV watching on Samsung Omnia with a 3.3 inch Wide-VGA Touch screen so you can control your device through your fingers (TouchWiz) or stylus pen, it also allows you to take a photo by using a 5.1 Megapixels Digital Camera on a big storage ( 8 Gigabyte ) so you can save your photo up to 4,000, your song up to 2,000. Moreover, it’s supported with Infrared, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi system and it also has powerful web browser and GPS navigator system to keep track of your destination and also , talk up to 250 minutes on WCDMA network, 350 minutes for GSM network, standby time for 450 hours on GSM network and 400 hours on WCDMA network in one-time charge.

As you know three PDA Phones from this essay, you know that each company adds a lot of technologies into their PDA Phone so it can do more than the ordinary phones. Exactly, it is a best friend when you travel, listen to music and watch TV Video or Movie clips. You’ll love it and may want some.

What is Nikon D300?

What is Nikon D300?
Nikon D300 is a high performance Digital Single Lens Reflect camera, fast responding and high quality image file. It has a built in all of the latest high technologies such as largest CMOS sensor for large image (12.3 Mega pixels) with EXPEED high speed and reliable image processor, 51 auto-focus spots for fast and precise object focusing, Scene Recognition system will make auto-focus easier and picture control system will make the same pictures different . All these make it become the best camera at this time.
Nikon D300 uses the latest technology of CMOS image sensor in DX format size so the resolution of the image is 12.3 Mega pixels which mean the picture will be clear and realistic. Also, it has high ISO range between 100 to 6400 and CMOS sensor built-in A/D converter 12-bit and 14-bit color depth for NEF or RAW image file ( RAW is the truly image file from CMOS sensor directly ) that means it can hold natural and true color in its picture. Moreover, the new CMOS image sensor can decrease incorrect color range (Chromatic aberration) of picture which is more efficient than the previous generations. EXPEED is the new image processor from Nikon and it is developed follows the photograph experience for the fastest processing and high quality image file.
New sensor “Multi-CAM 3500DX” has 51 auto-focus spots consists of 15 cross-type auto-focus at the center of the picture. It makes focusing perfect even if the exposure value is 5.6 so it works with all of Nikkor lens. The user can use them appropriately with each situation. Moreover, the focusing synchronizes with Scene Recognition System for more focusing efficiency or a user can design to use 51 auto-focus spots or 11 auto-focus spots by him/her self. The dynamic auto-focus mode is the leader of auto-focus mode because the user can design the group of auto-focus spot that he wants to use and he can design used amount of auto-focus spot such as 9, 21 or 51 spots. Moreover, the 3D Tracking auto-focus mode is a new technology of auto-focus mode so it lets auto-focus spot keep moving following target the object and keep the fastest focusing.
Nikon has developed the first “1,005-pixel RGB” sensor in Nikon F5 camera by using information from lighting processor sensor, White Balance value and auto-focus system. For example, the “3D Tracking” system process auto-focus system from “Scene Recognition System” and keep moving following the object automatically and gain more reliable of compute lighting system and automatic white balance.
The Picture Control System is a function to adjust the picture easier so it’s appropriate for all levels of photographers from beginner to expert and Nikon allows users to record their profile from their camera to another. Moreover, a Picture Control System has 4 default profiles of picture such as Standard ( Normal Color ), Neutral ( Soft color ), Vivid ( Colorful ) and Monochrome ( Single color tone ). Also the user can adjust the specifications such as Brightness, Sharpen and Saturation easier.
From these reasons, The Nikon D300 is the Best Digital Single Lens Reflect Expert Camera from TIPA 2008 so it guarantees the user that, Nikon D300 is a high performance camera with high quality picture, high resolution picture, really reliable auto-focus system. Also, it’s easier to purchase from many stores in Thailand such as Fotofile at MBK Center, Pantip Plazar, AV Camera at Bang-rak and Fortune Tower at Ratchada .